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Collegium and NJAC are two systems of judicial appointments in India that have been the subject of much debate and controversy over the years.

The Collegium system is a process of appointing judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts in India. It is a system of appointment by which the Chief Justice of India and a collegium of four senior-most judges of the Supreme Court recommend appointments and transfers of judges. The Collegium system was established by a series of judgments of the Supreme Court in the 1990s, and it has been in place since then.

On the other hand, the NJAC, or the National Judicial Appointments Commission, was a proposed constitutional amendment that sought to replace the Collegium system with a new system of judicial appointments. Under the NJAC, a commission would have been established to make recommendations for judicial appointments, consisting of the Chief Justice of India, two senior-most judges of the Supreme Court, the Union Minister of Law and Justice, and two eminent persons nominated by a committee consisting of the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice of India, and the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha.

The NJAC was passed by the Indian Parliament in 2014, but it was subsequently struck down by the Supreme Court in 2015 as unconstitutional. The court held that the NJAC would have compromised the independence of the judiciary, which is a fundamental feature of the Indian Constitution.

The Collegium system has been criticized for lacking transparency and accountability, as well as for allowing a small group of people to have a disproportionate amount of influence over judicial appointments. The NJAC was seen as an attempt to address these issues by creating a more diverse and representative commission to oversee judicial appointments.

In conclusion, the Collegium and NJAC are two systems of judicial appointments in India that have been the subject of much debate and controversy. While the Collegium system has been criticized for lacking transparency and accountability, the NJAC was seen as an attempt to create a more diverse and representative commission to oversee judicial appointments. Ultimately, however, the NJAC was struck down by the Supreme Court, and the Collegium system remains in place for now.

Njac members 

The proposed NJAC, or National Judicial Appointments Commission, was meant to replace the Collegium system of judicial appointments in India. The NJAC was established by a constitutional amendment that was passed by the Indian Parliament in 2014, but it was subsequently struck down by the Supreme Court in 2015 as unconstitutional.

Under the NJAC, the commission would have been composed of the following members:

Chief Justice of India (CJI): The CJI would have been the Chairperson of the NJAC.

Two senior-most judges of the Supreme Court: The two most senior judges of the Supreme Court would have been members of the NJAC.

Union Minister of Law and Justice: The Union Minister of Law and Justice would have been a member of the NJAC.

Two eminent persons nominated by a committee consisting of the Prime Minister, the CJI, and the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha: The two eminent persons would have been nominated by a committee composed of the Prime Minister, the CJI, and the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha.

It's worth noting that the NJAC was struck down by the Supreme Court before it had a chance to become operational, so no appointments were made under this system. The Collegium system, which consists of the Chief Justice of India and a collegium of four senior-most judges of the Supreme Court, remains in place for now.

Collegium members 

The Collegium is a system of judicial appointments in India, which is currently in place for appointments to the Supreme Court and High Courts.

The Collegium system was established by a series of judgments of the Supreme Court in the 1990s.

Under the Collegium system, the appointments and transfers of judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts are recommended by a collegium of senior-most judges. The Chief Justice of India is the head of the Collegium, and the number of members of the Collegium may vary depending on the number of vacancies in the Supreme Court or High Courts.

It's important to note that the composition of the Collegium changes as judges retire and new judges are appointed to the Supreme Court. The appointments made by the Collegium have a significant impact on the judiciary in India and play a crucial role in shaping the country's legal landscape.

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